Noun

reference (plural references)

  1. (semantics) A relation between objects in which one object designates, or acts as a means by which to connect to or link to, another object.
  2. a measurement one can compare to
  3. information about a person, provided by someone (a referee) with whom they are well acquainted
  4. (academic writing) A previously published written work within academic publishing, used as a source for theory or claims referred to which are used in the text.
  5. (programming) An object containing information which refers to data stored elsewhere, as opposed to containing the data itself.

Derived terms

Related terms

From Wiktionary under the GNU Free Documentation License.
Sat Jul 31 00:03:37 2010

A reference, or a references point, is the intensional use of one thing, a point of reference or reference state, to indicate something else. When reference is intended, what the reference points to is called the referent.

General Examples

Some general examples are:

  • the name Jane Doe used to identify a particular woman;
  • a traffic sign warning of an upcoming turn-off;
  • a wedding ring indicating a certain kind of relationship; and
  • samples of various musical works being incorporated into a new one.

References are indicated by sounds (like onomatopoeia), pictures (like roadsigns), text (like bibliographies), indexes (by number) and objects (a wedding ring); but endless concrete and abstract methods can be used intentionally. This includes methods that intentionally hide the reference from some observers, as in cryptography.

The following sections give specific usages of reference in different subjects.

From Wikipedia under the GNU Free Documentation License
Fri Jul 30 06:15:12 2010

How do I reference an image in a book that has no name or date?
Q. Harvard Referencing. Trying to cite an image that I've used in an essay. The book is an artist's book with illustrations, there is no text whatsoever. I have the reference of the book and was planning on referencing with Untitled Image, and then the details of the book, but I'm not sure what to do about the date. I can't find out anywhere when the work was produced. Thanks... Thankyou both, I guess either would work!
Asked by Jane - Wed Apr 21 10:29:09 2010 - - 2 Answers - 0 Comments

A. use untitled image for the name and just leave out the date, if there is no date then you just leave it out. That is what you do for books too.
Answered by Samantha - Wed Apr 21 10:41:09 2010

Who to use as a reference on a job application if you have none?
Q. In other words, if you have never been employed before, who would you use as a reference on your employment application? I'm aware that family is not recommended. My only valid job reference is a resort in FL and i worked for the summer but was not on a payroll. I simply worked and was payed directly from my employer. That is only one of three references that i'm required to have. I want tips from experienced long-time workers.
Asked by Ariel L - Mon Mar 30 11:05:11 2009 - - 3 Answers - 0 Comments

A. At the beginning of your career, this is known. So bring in references from 3 teachers or 3 folks that you babysat for or helped out. Bring in 3 personal references too. Just be honest about your lack of experience. In many entry level jobs, this is exactly what they want, as they want to train you to their way of doing things.
Answered by MV Moonsong - Mon Mar 30 11:12:19 2009

What is a good online reference to freshen up my database related information?
Q. I took database course in undergrad and some in grad but haven't used it for a while. I need not too basic but somewhat starting with basics and covering most of it, kind of reference that i need. This should cover SQL language practices, schema design, normalization, query optimization. Thanks
Asked by ufuk.okuyucu - Thu Jul 15 18:45:24 2010 - - 1 Answers - 0 Comments

A. For SQL language practices, use
Answered by Serge M - Fri Jul 16 13:27:47 2010

From Yahoo Answer Search: "reference"
Thu Jul 29 23:29:05 2010

Reference to be filed against Zulfiqar Mirza: Abid Sher Ali - The News International
thenews.com.pk
Reference to be filed against Zulfiqar Mirza: Abid Sher Ali - The News International
Tue, 27 Jul 2010 02:49:17 GMT+00:00
to be filed against Zulfiqar Mirza: Abid Sher Ali The News International islamabad: Chairman standing committee on education Abid Sher Ali said that a reference against Sindh Home Minister Dr. Zulfiqar Mirza for harassing HEC ...
Quote of the day - Peninsula On-line
thepeninsulaqatar.com
Quote of the day - Peninsula On-line
Mon, 26 Jul 2010 23:17:19 GMT+00:00
Peninsula On-line Direct talks with Israel should be held in line with a clear reference the 1967 borders as a reference . DOHA: Much to the glee of the common man whose ... Quote of the day Peninsula On-line
Clarification: BC-US--US-Iran story - The Associated Press
google.com
Clarification: BC-US--US-Iran story - The Associated Press
Mon, 26 Jul 2010 19:32:22 GMT+00:00
The Associated Press A spokeswoman for Hayden responded that he made his reference to Iran's push toward acquiring a nuclear program and not to military action. Former CIA Chief: War with Iran, Here We Come Vanity Fair

From Google News Search: "reference"
Mon Jul 26 22:36:09 2010

Reference twig DK jpg
botit.botany.wisc.edu
Reference twig DK jpg
480px x 640px | 83.60kB

[source page]



Bytova nastavba Axmanova
phtrade.cz
Bytova nastavba Axmanova
600px x 800px | 173.20kB

[source page]



021 reference jpg
klanen.no
021 reference jpg
399px x 600px | 128.90kB

[source page]

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From Yahoo Image Search: "reference"
Thu Jul 29 22:20:57 2010

Increase Sales With Reference Accounts - jrvoicewire's blog
berry30.typepad.com
Increase Sales With Reference Accounts - jrvoicewire's blog

jrvoicewire

hu, 29 Jul 2010 04:25:40 GM

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hu, 29 Jul 2010 14:00:47 GM

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From Google Blog Search: "reference"
Thu Jul 29 13:21:21 2010